A diaphragm  Valve is a manual or control type block valve which uses a diaphragm as the closing device. The diaphragm valve is usually used to isolate or block flow. Because the material of the membrane can chemically degrade, diaphragm valves are used under the conditions of low pressure and a limited temperature operating range.

Diaphragm valves may be used for regulation of most gases and liquids. There are two types of diaphragm valves available, weir and straight through flow. These two configurations have many types of diaphragms and linings that are incorporated into them. Since diaphragms are subject to wear and tear, maintenance is frequently needed for valves that are used on a regular basis. When operating with a diaphragm valve, one must be aware of the operating pressures and temperatures of the process because the valve is restricted by the physical limitations of the diaphragm membrane.

Valve selection is very important to biochemical processes. Diaphragm valves should be used for processes where the absence of dead space inside the valve is essential. Diaphragm valves are generally selected to provide low resistance to flow by means of a straight through flow configuration. Both weir valves and straight-through valves will be discussed in the following sections.

Diaphragm valves are normally operated by manual intervention or by powered actuators. When manually operated, a handwheel type closing device is used. Diaphragm valves may also be operated remotely by using actuators. These actuators use fluid pressure (pneumatic) or an electrical signal to open or close the valve.

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